China
Country Profile: China
Statistics
| Human development index (for 2005) | |
| Human development index rank | 81 (UNDP 2007) |
| GDP per capital (PPP) | $ 6,757* (UNDP 2007) |
| Life Expectancy at birth (years) | 72.5 (UNDP 2007) |
| Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary education | 69.1 per cent** (UNDP 2007) |
| Demography | |
| Total population mid-2007 | 1 328 630 000 (United Nations 2006) |
| Population of persons with disabilities | 82 960 000 (China 2006a). |
| Proportion of persons with disabilities to total population | 6.34 per cent (ESCAP 2006,Q 18) |
| definition of disability | No (ESCAP 2006, q 19) |
| definition of persons with disabilities | "One who has abnormalities or loss of a certain organ or function, psychologically, or in anatomical stucture and has lost wholly or in part the ability to perform an activity in the way condidered normal" (China 1990, art. 2) |
| Employment rate of persons with disabilities | 85 per cent (2005)(ESCAP 2006, Q12.1). |
| Access to education | In 2000,the majority of children could complete a nine-year course of compulsory deucation. About 80 per cent of blind, deaf and mentally retarded children comleted the nine years of compulsory education (ESCAP 2006, Q 6/7.1) |
| Institutional framework | |
| National coordination mechanism or disability focal point | State Council Working Committee on Disbility, established in 1993 (ESCAP 2006, Qs 1(i),(i)) |
| Number of members and composition of the mechanism | A total of 38 multisectoral members from relevant ministries, government departments and non-governmental organizations (ESCAP 2006,Q 1 (i)) |
| Legislative and policy framework | |
| Mention on disability in constitution | "Citizens of the People's Republic of China have the right to material assistance from the state and society when they are old, ill or disbled. The state develops the social insurance, social relief, and medical and health services that are required to enable citizens to enjoy this right. The state and society ensure the livelihood of disabled members of the armed forces, provide pensions for the families of martyrs, and give preferential treatment to the families of military personnel. The state and society help make arrangements for the work, livelihood and education of the blind, deaf, mutes and other handicapped citizens"(China 1982, art.45) |
| comprehensive disability law | Law ot the People's Republic of China on Protection of Persons with Disabilities (1990, amended in 2008) (China 1990) |
| Disabilitiy-specific anti discrimination law | No (ESCAP 2006, Q20) |
| Sectoral disability laws | Regulations on the Education of Persons with Disabilities (1994) |
| Regulations on the Employment of Persons with Disabilities (2007); covers poverty alleviation, social security and social welfare (ESCAP 2006, Q 8(i)) | |
| National plan of action on disability | Outline of the Work for Persons with Disabilities during the 11th Five-year Development Program Period 2006-2010 (China 2006b) |
| National efforts to promote an Inclusive Society | |
| Employment quota scheme | No less than 1.5 per cent (China 2007) |
| National accessibility standart | Codes for design on Accessibility of Urban Roads and Buildings )JGJ 50-2001) (ESCAP 2006, Q19.1) |
| Standardized sign language | Established in 1988 (ESCAP 2006, Q1(i)) |
| ICT accessibility guideline | No (ESCAP 2006, Q18.1) |
| Financial commitment | |
| Proportion of disability (social) spending to GDP or entire national budget | Not available |
| Annual budget allocated to the national coordination mechanism | No response provided (ESCAP 2006,Q1(i)) |
| Commitment to regional and international instruments on disability | |
| Signatory to the Proclamation of the Decade | 1992 (ESCAP 2004) |
| Ratification of ILO Convention159 | 2 February 1988 (ILO 2009) |
| Ratification or signatiory of the conventions on the Rights of Person with Disabilities, and its Optional Protocol | Signed Convention on 30 March 2007 Ratified Convention on 1 August 2008 (United Nations 2009) |
| * World Bank estimate based of a gilateral comparison between China and the United States of America. | |
| ** National or UNESCP institute for Statistics estimate. | |
Source: http://www.unescap.org/ESID/psis/disability/publications/glance/Disability_at_a_Glance2009.pdf
